Journal Articles

Tian, L and Lindstedt, RP (2026) The impact of molecular transport in turbulent non-premixed NH₃/H₂/N₂ jet flames at elevated pressures, Combustion and Flame, 294, 115336, ISSN: 0010-2180. DOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2026.115336.

Qiu, J, Tian, L, Spencer, A, Lindstedt, RP (2026) Modelling of soot particle size distributions in laminar premixed propene flames, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 42, ISSN: 1540-7489. DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2026.106415.

Fu, W, Zhou, Y, Tian, L, Mao, Q, Feng, M, Xia, H (2026) Atomic insights into micro-explosion from iron particle with carbon impurity, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 42, 106286, ISSN: 1540-7489. DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2026.106286.

Qiu, J, Tian, L, Spencer, A, Lindstedt, RP (2025) Sectional modelling of TiO₂ particle size distribution and crystallinity in burner-stabilised stagnation flames, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 41, 105855, ISSN: 1540-7489. DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2025.105855.

Tian, L, Wandel, AP, Lindstedt, RP (2025) Transported PDF and MMC modelling of local extinction in turbulent piloted NH3/H2/N2-air jet flames, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 41(2025), 105843, ISSN: 1540-7489. DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2025.105843.

Zhao, W, Shi, H, Sun, T, Wang, T, Liao, S, Wei, H, Yang, B, Tian, L, Zhou, L (2025) One-dimensional simulation on the propagation of cool and hot flames for methanol/n-heptane dual-fuel premixtures, Combustion Science and Technology, 198(3), pp.678-699, ISSN: 0010-2202. DOI: 10.1080/00102202.2025.2464750.

Niu, Z, Zhao, W, Deng, H, Tian, L, Pinfield, V, Ming, P, Wang, Y (2024) Generative Artificial Intelligence for designing multi-scale hydrogen fuel cell catalyst layer nanostructures, ACS Nano, 18(31), pp.20504-20517, ISSN: 1936-0851. DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04943.

Greenblatt, D, Tian, L, Lindstedt, RP (2023) The impact of hydrogen substitution by ammonia on low- and high-temperature combustion, Combustion and Flame, 257(Part 1), 112733, ISSN: 0010-2180. DOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2023.112733.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, RP (2023) The impact of ammonia addition on soot formation in ethylene flames, Combustion and Flame, 258(Part 1), 112724, ISSN: 0010-2180. DOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2023.112724.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, RP (2023) On the impact of differential diffusion between soot and gas phase species in turbulent flames, Combustion and Flame, 251, 112684, ISSN: 0010-2180. DOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2023.112684.

Tian, L, Boyette, WR, Lindstedt, RP, Guiberti, TF, Roberts, WL (2022) Transported JPDF modelling and measurements of soot at elevated pressures, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, ISSN: 0082-0784. DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2022.09.015.

Simatos, P, Tian, L, Lindstedt, RP (2022) The impact of molecular diffusion on auto-ignition in a turbulent flow, Combustion and Flame, 239, pp.111665-111665, ISSN: 0010-2180. DOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111665.

Tian, L, Schiener, MA, Lindstedt, RP (2021) Fully coupled sectional modelling of soot particle dynamics in a turbulent diffusion flame, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 38(1), pp.1365-1373, ISSN: 1540-7489. DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.093.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, RP (2019) Impact of molecular mixing and scalar dissipation rate closures on turbulent bluff-body flames with increasing local extinction, Combustion and Flame, 206, pp.51-67, ISSN: 0010-2180. DOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.04.039.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, RP (2019) Evaluation of reaction progress variable - mixture fraction statistics in partially premixed flames, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 37(2), pp.2241-2248, ISSN: 1540-7489. DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2018.06.129.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, RP (2017) The impact of dilatation, scrambling, and pressure transport in turbulent premixed flames, Combustion Theory and Modelling, 21(6), pp.1114-1147, ISSN: 1364-7830. DOI: 10.1080/13647830.2017.1343499.

Tian, L, Chen, L-H, Chen, Q, Zhong, F-Q, Chang, X-Y (2016) Engine performance analysis and optimization of a dual-mode scramjet with varied inlet conditions, Acta Mechanica Sinica, 32(1), pp.75-82, ISSN: 0567-7718. DOI: 10.1007/s10409-015-0503-9.

Tian, L, Chen, L, Chen, Q, Li, F, Chang, X (2014) Quasi-One-Dimensional Multimodes Analysis for Dual-Mode Scramjet, Journal of Propulsion and Power, 30(6), pp.1559-1567, ISSN: 0748-4658. DOI: 10.2514/1.b35177.

Conferences

Qiu, J, Tian, L, Spencer, A, Lindstedt, P (2025) Sectional modelling of TiO2 particle size distribution and crystallinity in burner-stabilised stagnation flames. In The 12th European Combustion Meeting, Edinburgh, UK.

Qiu, J, Tian, L, Spencer, A, Lindstedt, P (2025) Sectional modelling of TiO2 particle size distribution and crystallinity in burner-stabilised stagnation flames. In The IOP Current Research in Combustion: A Forum for Research Students and Early Career Researchers, Cambridge, UK.

Fu, W, Zhou, Y, Tian, L, Mao, Q, Xia, H (2025) Fundamental investigation on the micro-explosion of iron-carbon alloy particle: Insights gained from molecular dynamics simulation. In The IOP Current Research in Combustion: A Forum for Research Students and Early Career Researchers, Cambridge, UK.

Gordon, J and Tian, L (2024) Experimental Investigation of NOx Emission Suppression using Humidified Hydrogen Fuel. In The IOP hydrogen combustion meeting, Cambridge, UK.

Gordon, J and Tian, L (2024) Two-Stage Hydrogen Combustion and Nitrogen Oxides Reduction. In The IOP Early Career Conference in Energy, London.

Qiu, J, Tian, L, Spencer, A, Lindstedt, P (2024) Sectional modelling of soot particle size distribution in laminar premixed propene flames. In The 40th International Symposium on Combustion, Milan, Italy.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, P (2023) The impact of turbulence-chemistry interactions in opposed jet turbulent flames. In the 11th European Combustion Meeting, Rouen, France.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, P (2021) The impact of soot diffusion in turbulent diffusion flames. In the 10th European Combustion Meeting, Naples, Italy.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, P (2017) Transported PDF modelling and analysis of partially premixed flames. In the 8th European Combustion Meeting, Dubrovnik, Croatia.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, P (2016) Modelling of pressure dilatation and transport terms in premixed turbulent flames. In the 11th European Fluid Mechanics Conference, Seville, Spain.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, P (2015) Redistribution and dilatation effects in turbulent premixed opposed jet flames. In the 7th European Combustion Meeting, Budapest, Hungary.

Tian, L, CHEN, L, CHEN, Q, LI, F, CHANG, X (2012) Modeling and Measurements of Heat Release Distributions in Dual-mode Scramjet Combustor. In 18th AIAA/3AF International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference. DOI: 10.2514/6.2012-5833.

Posters

Qiu, J, Tian, L, Spencer, A, Lindstedt, P (2024) Sectional modelling of soot particle size distibutions in laminar propene flames, The 7th International Workshop on the measurement and computation of reacting flows with carbon nanoparticles.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, P (2024) Transported PDF modelling of NH3/H2/N2 flames at elevated pressures, The 16th Turbulent Non-Premixed Flame Workshop.

Tian, L (2016) The impact of dilatation and scrambling effects in premixed turbulent flames, the 36th International Symposium on Combustion.

Presentations

Tian, L (2025) NOx Reduction in H2 and H2/NH3/N2 Flames: Pre-Humidification and the SNCR Window.

Qiu, J, Tian, L, Spencer, A, Lindstedt, P (2025) Evaluation of TiO2 particle size distribution and crystallinity in burner-stabilised stagnation flames using sectional models.

Tian, L, Wandel, A, Lindstedt, P (2025) Modelling Local Extinction in Turbulent Piloted NH3/H2/N2 Jet Flames with Transported PDF and MMC Methods.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, P (2021) The Impact of Soot Diffusion in Turbulent Diffusion Jet Flames.

Datasets

Qiu, J, Tian, L, Spencer, A, Peter Lindstedter, R (2026) Supplementary information files for "Modelling of soot particle size distributions in laminar premixed propene flames", DOI: 10.17028/rd.lboro.34232202.

Fu, W, Zhou, Y, Tian, L, Mao, Q, Feng, M, Xia, H (2026) Supplementary information files for "Atomic insights into micro-explosion from iron particle with carbon impurity", DOI: 10.17028/rd.lboro.34529706.

Qiu, J, Tian, L, Spencer, A, Lindstedt, RP (2025) Supplementary information files for "Sectional modelling of TiO₂ particle size distribution and crystallinity in burner-stabilised stagnation flames", DOI: 10.17028/rd.lboro.30373318.

Tian, L (2025) Supplementary information files for "Transported PDF and MMC modelling of local extinction in turbulent piloted NH3/H2/N2-air jet flames", DOI: 10.17028/rd.lboro.30529292.

Tian, L (2023) Supplementary information files for "The impact of hydrogen substitution by ammonia on low- and high-temperature combustion", DOI: 10.17028/rd.lboro.29339954.

Tian, L and Lindstedt, RP (2023) Supplementary information files for "The impact of ammonia addition on soot formation in ethylene flames", DOI: 10.17028/rd.lboro.29354066.

Tian, L and lindstedt, RP (2023) Supplementary information files for "On the impact of differential diffusion between soot and gas phase species in turbulent flames", DOI: 10.17028/rd.lboro.29355266.

Media

Tian, L Ammonia as a fuel? - Perspectives on emission mitigation and modelling considerations.